Paying For and Producing at Full Capacity

Paying for Economic Solutions to Unemployment and Accompanying Social Problems

February 13, 2018

This is a response to various economic posts here and elsewhere. We should all be tired of the hand wringing. 80% of our social and economic problems would disappear in a few months with a:

       •   Federal Job Guarantee, as part of a      
      •   Full Employment Fiscal Policy     
 
Here's how:

Step One:   Rename your Political Party: "The No Excuses - Get to Work Party".  Tag Line: "We want YOU to get to work!"  (No handouts will be involved.)

2)   Make the first plank: Full Employment: A Job Guaranty: "You want a job, we'll give you a job, come hell or high water. No Excuses"

3)   Revise Federal Reserve Act so Federal Reserve Bank reports to the Treasury.

4)   Execute on national "To-Do List" (infrastructure; alternative energy; high speed rail; rehire every teacher, fire fighter, cop laid off in last 8 years; quintuple trade school and community college staff - free tuition, free elder and child care.) Fund through securities purchased by the Fed - either as loan or just have Fed "gift" it to the Treasury. Hiring people directly or through contractors. Minimum guaranteed wage: $10/hr w benefits. (40 hours or 20 hours per week.) Eliminate private sector minimum wage.

Added spending by newly employed workers, producing public sector goods and services, induces business people to hire MORE workers to produce private sector goods and services. 

5)   Track wage inflation monthly, If it starts getting out of hand (say, approaches 4%), take action:   

 •  Fed sells securities,   
 •  Fed increases interest paid on reserve deposits at the Fed,   
 •  Congress increases tax rates aggressively across the board (income, sales, and asset values), and/or
 • Congress slows spending. But everyone is still guarantied a job at $10/hr, full time or part time, plus benefits.

Inflation should not be an issue since newly issued money is offset by both public sector and private sector goods and services produced.

6)    Result: Everyone's working and income inequality will diminish. Expenditures for unemployment insurance: zero; food stamps: zero; Medicaid: virtually zero; all sorts of welfare for this or that: zero. If we really want to be punitive, cut welfare benefits for able bodied folk not taking guarantied job.

7)   What's for dessert? "Now let's get to work!"

Not that hard kids!!



"HOW DO YOU PAY FOR IT!!!!!??????" In order to implement a Federal Job Guaranty and Full Employment Fiscal Policy, its important to understand a few points of how the economic system works.  Perhaps it’s time to consider a model that reflects the ways things are as opposed to the way things were before 1971.

Modern Monetary Theory is: first i) an examination of how our monetary and fiscal economy works, and second, once that is understood, ii) the implications of policy prescriptions for solving our economic problems. In terms of our monetary system, four assertions are made:.

1) The US government is unlike a:
       a. state,
       b. municipality,
       c. business, or
       d. household,
   in that it can issue its own currency.

2) A sovereign (Treasury combined with the Federal Reserve Bank), like the US, that:
       a. issues,
       b. borrows in, and
       c. floats
its own currency, can NEVER run out of cash.

3) The sovereign, like the US, can:
       a. issue currency to spend and buy anything the economy produces,
       b. up to the productive capacity of the economy (adjusted for turnover/velocity),
       c. without creating inflation.

In other words the US government can issue currency and hire any and all unemployed and underemployed folk. The constraint is the productive capacity of the economy, as measured by wage inflation. If prices do rise above an acceptable level, they can be controlled by i) selling government securities, ii) raising interest paid on deposits at the fed, iii) raising taxes across the board, or iv) a cut in spending.

4)   The US government debt is not a problem in any way, shape, or form. In fact, it can be repaid tomorrow without a negative repercussion. That would simply involve replacing government bonds with deposits at the Federal Reserve Bank with similar interest and maturities. The similar or even better risk/reward terms assure no change in investor savings/spending preference or desire to hold dollars.  Not recommending this course of action, just pointing out that it is possible.

Private Debt, by the way, can be a problem and is largely responsible for many of our recessions.


The policy implications of these assertions are many.  So what to measure?  What to manage?  2 things:

     a)   Unemployment - as in keep it at ZERO at all times, and

     b)   Inflation - as in measure monthly and keep it at a low manageable and comfortable                                     level at all times.  (3% to 4%?)

Easy Peasy!

MMT is a name that stuck with this field of study. It’s a misnomer, however, in that it’s not necessarily Modern – it’s been around since the 1940s; it’s not just monetary - it involves both monetary and fiscal operations; and it’s not just a theory – it involves an explanation of how our monetary system works since we went off the gold standard in 1971.
The foundations of MMT are John Maynard Keynes, Abba Lerner, and Hyman Minsky.

There is considerable pushback from the mainstream on MMT. Folks can’t wrap their brains around it. (I’m talking the vast number of mainstream economist, including so called “liberal economists”.)  I attribute it to people not being able to unlearn stuff they learned in their 20s. Especially if you based your career on it.

Hope that helps.